Nodes of ranvier12/17/2023 ![]() The size, positioning and distance of the internodes differ in a curvilinear relationship with the fibre diameter, which is designed for maximum conduction velocity. The myelin segments are called internodes, and also the gaps between them are called nodes. Ranvier used this observation to conduct a thorough histological study of myelin sheaths and Schwann cells. Eventually after, he found holes in nerve fibre sheaths that became known as the Nodes of Ranvier. At the Salpêtrière, his findings on fibre nodes as well as the degeneration and regeneration of cut fibres had a major impact on Parisian neurology. ![]() ![]() His research on both damaged and normal nerve fibres, as well as his advanced histological techniques, were world-renowned. In 1875, he became the chairman of the Collège de France's Department of General Anatomy. In 1867, Ranvier left pathology to work as a consultant to physiologist Claude Bernard. Ranvier had been a famous late-nineteenth-century histologist who was established in Lyon. Louis-Antoine Ranvier, a French pathologist and anatomist, was the first to identify the nodes, or holes, in the myelin sheath, which now carry the name. In 1854, German pathological anatomist Rudolf Virchow recognized and named the myelin sheath of long nerves. As a consequence, the action potential conducts more quickly. Since the action potential appears to "jump" from one node to another along the axon, nerve conduction through myelinated axons is termed as saltatory conduction (derived from the Latin saltare meaning "to jump or leap"). Ranvier nodes tend to be uninsulated and have a high concentration of ion channels, permitting them to engage in the ion exchange which is needed to regenerate the action potential. As per the Nodes of Ranvier definition, it is often recognized as myelin-sheath holes, which arise where the axolemma is revealed to the extracellular space along a myelinated axon.
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